surfresearch.com.au  newspapers : 1913

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Newspapers : 1913.

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All the most interesting scenes and everts at the other islands have been brought here to Honolulu for the tourist for next Thursday evening and may be seen at the Popular theatre on Hotel Street, opposite the Y. M. C. A.
The volcano in full action and the wonderful surf-riding scenes of Waikiki; the beautiful floral parade of 1912, scenes and incidents on a sugar plantation: the great sheep industry of Hummula, and a great lot of choice old time scenes; these being only a few of the  great lot to be shown next Thursday evening at the Popular.
An Evening in Hawaii.
Reserved seats are now to be had at  the Promotion Committee rooms.

Chronicling America
Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, January 21, 1913, 2:30 Edition, Image 8
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014682/1913-01-21/ed-1/seq-8/

The bathing inspector under the jurisdiction of the Manly Council, wrote to the aldermen at the last meetIng, asking that they should consider the advisableness of having a portion of the beach set apart for the shooting of breakers with boards.

Many are being used at present by bathers who fringe the crowd.
Those who are unaware of the restrictions use a board in the thickest of the bathing crowd.
If the suggestion were carried out, it would relieve the congestion in the southern corner of the beach.

Dr. Neale was opposed to the use of boards in the surf.
They were, in his opinion, very dangerous.
He had been struck in the back whIle bathing, and it was the reverse of pleasant.
He moved that the bathing inspector be instructed to enforce the regulation dealing with using boards while shooting the breakers.

Alderman Paterson seconded the motion.
The practice of taking boards into the surf should not be allowed.

Alderman Heaton was of the opinion that a portion of the beach should be set apart for the sport of shooting the breakers with boards.
There were many young fellows who like the pastime.

The motion was carried.

Alderman Quirk said that he had witnessed a clever exhibition by a young man who "shot" the breakers with a board.
For fully 100 yd he came in standing on the board, and was loudly applauded by a thousand people for his feat.

- Noted in S&G Champion: Drowning, Bathing and Life Saving (2000) page 179.

- Noted in S&G Champion: Drowning, Bathing and Life Saving (2000) page 179.

Frequenters of Manly are up in arms at the action of the local Council in suppressing surf-board shooting on the ground that it is dangerous to other bathers.

Duke Kahanamoku's terrific battle with a high-powered, man-eating eel described in a front page story in the morning paper, is branded by Duke himself as untrue and a fake.
That story of a fight for life ten feet beneath the water, of his choking the sea-monster to death and thus freein g his body from it boa-constrictor embrace is a subject for laughter today and anger on the part of many people who declare that the yarn hurts Waikiki beach and its reputation as an unusually safe bathing place.

The horrible injuries sustained by the world's champion swimmer turn out to be a comparatively slight scratch on the index finger of his right hand, whose only seriousness lies in the fact that it was not immediately treated.

To tell the whole story briefly, Duke was nipped by a small eel when he stuck a finger into a crevice in the coral.
The rest of the yarn is, says Duke, hot air and imagination.

Duke sat at his desk in the public works department this morning.
The index finger of the right hand was bandaged, but it didn't seem to interfer much in the exercise of the pencil  with which he was working on a mass of mysterious figures.

"I think I saw the eel, but I'm not certain," he said, "it was perhaps two feet long.
I was bitten by something,
I learned that when I felt a tug at the finger and on examining it found a little piece or skin had been cut  off, as with a knife.

"I was just playing around the raft, diving down to the bottom and running my hands around the rocks, when something nipped the  finger.
I came up at once and examined it.
There was a little blood, and as I glanced down I thought I saw an eel wriggling off through the water."
 

SAN FRANCISCO. Cal. Jan. .18.
Beaming with joy over the success of her trip to Honolulu, but still glad to get back to San Francisco, Miss Mae Josephine Bennett, winner of the Call's girl wage earner beauty contest, returned home on the steamship Sierra.
...
(Commenting one of of several gentlemen with whom see was romantically linked:)
"The duke was all, right until I went surf-riding with him at Waikiki beach, and then he let me fall off the outrigger.
I grabbed. his hair, and held on till he yelled for mercy."

Chronicling America
Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, January 28, 1913, 2:30 Edition, Image 3
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014682/1913-01-28/ed-1/seq-3/

The thousands of visitors who flock to the beaches near Sydney to view the surf bathing are often amazed (says the "Daily Telegraph") at the remarkable feats performed by bathers, who shoot the breakers with surf boards.
Many expert "board shooters" can rise on the crest of a breaker a quarter of a mile out and travel to the beach with torpedo velocity.
The sport is exhilarating and fascinating, but the practice is roundly condemned by surf bathers who shun the board-shooter as they would a shark.
Several accidents have happened in the breakers through a board striking bathers whilst the user of it was performing some daring exploit through the crowd of bathers.
So dangerous has the practice become at Manly that the council's beach inspector reported to the aldermen at their last meeting that some action should be taken in the matter.
He suggested that the council set apart portion of South Steyne for board-shooters alone, as it was impossible to check the nuisance.
The aldermen did not adopt this view of the question.
They discussed the matter warmly, and made it plain that the council had the necessary power to prosecute offenders. Regulations had been passed giving the officials power to warn bathers who indiscriminately used these boards to the danger of other bathers, and to prosecute if necessary.
In future, a close eye will be kept on bathers who enter the water at Manly armed with the surf board, and if they decline to dispense with the board the offenders are to be prosecuted.

Trove
1913 'GENERAL NEWS.', The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1889 - 1931), 29 January, p. 8, viewed 7 September, 2012,
http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5367326

Reprinted in:
Coolgardie Miner, WA, 10 May 1913, page 2.
Trove
1913 'DANGEROUS SURFING BOARDS.', Coolgardie Miner (WA : 1913 - 1917), 10 May, p. 2, viewed 7 September, 2012,
http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85680814

TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD.
Sir,- Permit me to make a few remarks in regard to a paragraph which appealed in a recent issue of your paper in relation to the use of surf boards.
Alderman Neale, of Manly, staets that he has seen as many as 10 boards in use at the same time in the midst of bathers.
This statement must appear incredible Io anyone who is the habit of frequenting our beaches, so incredible, indeed, that it would appear to suggest a vision of the imagination- or perhaps, like stage soldiers, each board may have been countered several times.

Under the existing ordinances, the authorities of the beach do have the discretionary power to prohibit the use of boards if the safety of any bather is in jeopardy, and it must be admitted by any reasonable person, both in justice to the authorities, and to the users of boards themselves, that this power has been properly exercised, if indeed it has ever proved necessary to do so, for the crowd is the shooters' greatest terror.

I am a regular attendant at the beaches, and also an old hand on the board, and can honestly say that I have never seen the boards used in the midst of the bathers.
The real menace in the surf is the novice, who bumps his way blindly into a crowd of bathers, with his head enveloped in foam,  and not the graceful "board-shooter," whose head is above water, with a weather eye on his course.

I feel assured that all experienced surfers will endorse these sentiments.
I am, etc ,                                                                               DUMPER.

As a result of a battle to the death with a ten-foot eel, the largest ever seen here, Duke Kahanamoku, who won the world's championship at Stockholm, is today minus the index finger on his right hand and his swimming prowess may be permanently impaired.

The swimmer encountered the eel while practicing for the Australian swimming championships off here, and after a fight lasting several minutes, choked it to death.
He was exhausted when he reached the shore, with the eel's body in tow.

http://www.honolulu.gov/cameras/waikiki_beach/duke.htm

Kanaka Swimmer Has No Equal  in the Water This Hawaiian A Human Fish. Duke Kahanamoku, Who Made the Fastest Swimmers  of the World Look Foolish at the Stockholm Olmypiad,  Was Reared in the Surf of His Island Home and as  a Boy Dodged Sharks for Sport. By JIM NASIUM. . (Copyright by The Philadelphia. Inquirer Co.) Image right: Surfrider (cropped), one of three images of Duke Kahanamoku accompanying this article. It is a copy of the cover of Mustek, John R.:  Hawaii- Our New Possessions. Funk & Wagnalls, New York, London, 1897.

The largest and most generally known of this group of islands is Hawaii. one of Uncle Sam's new possessions, and transpacific travelers touching at Honoluln have become pop-eyed with amazement at the aquatic skill displayed by the native boys who swarm the docks of Honolulu harbor and swim out to meet the iucorainir steamers to dive for nickels and dimes thrown from the dock to sbimmor down through the green water in the very midst of the dark moving shapes of the man-eating  "leopard" shark.
-nn.il- -nnHxm nVill 5: n. matter of wonder to the mam who from infancy
has kept his foot incased in patent leather shoes and who has always looked upon water as a liquid to be used exclusively as a "chaser" to his favorite brand of poison, it is but common nativo talent to the "brown skinned hydro-man who has been reared to look upon the wild orpansc of sea that incased his island home as his special field of conquest.
The Soth Sea islander's contest with the sea, necessitated by his craving for what the sea could supply, has, from early days, been the chief stimulus in the development of Hawaiian character.
It has Ijoott about; the only thing he has had to call out his skill, courage, sagacity, ingenuity and ability to endure and conquer.
It has created in him, not only a wonderful ability in his bodily contact with the waves, but has promoted a knowledge of navigation, and led to minute and accurate observation of winds and currents, lent scope and fervor to the imagination, and set aflame the poetic spirit of the race.

Their old songs and most cherished native traditions are replete with references to the sea.
The sea is the Hawaiian's classic, from which have come to him the seven wonders of the legendary world, and its foam-crested billows have furnished him with his means of livelihood, his sport, his all.
It is little wonder, then, that the greatest swimmer the world of sport has over seen should come from Hawaii.
Over in Honolulu lived a dark-skinned boy, son of Honolulu's chief of police,  one of the brown naked kids who habitually swarm, over the docks and swim through the shark infested waters of the harbor in search of silver coins thrown from the docks of the incoming steamers who showed an a!bility to surpass even the wouderful feats of the rest of these Kitriakk Idda in their water sports.
This little brown Kanaka boy was a wonder even among a nation of wonders.
His name was Duke P. Kahanamoku.

At surf-riding the national sport of the Hawaiians, which consisting of riding a long, thick plank with rounded ends over the great billows as they sweep shoreward this little Kahanamoku boy performed wonders and eclipsed all other Kanakas at the sport.
Surf-riding is an old and heroic sport for which Hawaians have always been noted.
In ancient times it was practiced in honor of the lords and chiefs, but has since become a royal sport on its own account, and at this sport, standing erect on his surf-board with folded arms, complete master of the waves, which he appeared to be driving before him like chariot steeds, young Kahanamoku was monarch of the rolling breakers.

At dodging sharks in the waters of Honolulu harbor with his mouth filled with coins tossed from the deck of the steamers this young son of Honolulu's chief of police was also the peer of. all the Kanaka boys.
Probably many a trans-Pacijic traveler has leaned over the rail of an incoming steamer toseing coins into then water and wondering at the dnnncr aquatic feats of this brown Kanaka boy, without knowing that he was looking on what was destined to be known the world over as the world's greatest swimmer.

In Honolulu it is said of Kahanamoku that as a boy, he tempted fate from the mouths of sharks in the harbor merely as a matter of sport and an exhibition of his daring and prowess, frequently approaching one of these monsters and playing hide and seek with the man-eater in the water for the deIeotation of the horrified passengers on some incoming steamer.
It is said that when, approached by a shark Kahanamoku would "tread water" and gaze down-into the water with his keen eyes intent on the tactics of the 'onoinv. and
just as the shark would turn on his back to snap, the little brown boy would dive beneath the monster, and the great jaws would come together with nothing between them.
He would repeat this until he gained a rope dangled from the side of  the shark
would then frequently drop back to repeat the performance.

This was the stuff of which the world s greatest swimmer was eventually made.
As he grew older and the era of progress that had set in in Hawaii promoted, a better organized condition of affairs.
Kahanamoku became a member of the Hui Nalu Swimming club of Honolulu, and in the com....

Describing his holiday in Hawaii, Mr. John Burroughs,of the "Century Illustrated," says he had gone to Honolulu reluctantly, but tarried there joyfully.
...
One of the novel pleasures in which most travellers indulge while in Honolulu is surf-riding at Waikiki, near Diamond Head.
The sea, with a floor of lava and coral, is here shallow for a long distance out, and the surf comes in at intervals like a line of steeds cantering over a plain.
We went out in our bathing-suits in a long, heavy dugout, with a lusty native oarsman in each end.
When several hundred yards from shore, we saw, on looking seaward, the long shining billows coming, whereupon our oarsmen headed the canoe towards shore, and plied their paddles with utmost vigour, uttering simultaneously a curious excited cry.
In a moment the breaker caught us, and, in some way holding us on its crest, shot us toward the shore like an arrow.

The sensation is novel and thrilling.
Tho foam flies; the waters leap about you.
You are coasting on the sea, and you shout with delight, and pray for the sensation to continue, but it is quickly over.
The hurrying breaker slips from under you, and leaves you in the trough; while it goes foaming on the shore.
Then you turn about and row out from shore again, and wait for another chance to be shot toward the land on the foaming crest of a great Pacific wave.

Trove
1913 'Beautiful Hawaii.', Northern Star (Lismore, NSW : 1876 - 1954), 14 February, p. 6, viewed 9 June, 2012, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article72400011

According to aSunday story in the Philadelphia Enquirer of, February Duke.'s favorite sport Is playing tag with man eating sharks while, according to the text, the big Hawaiian is so out of. his element ashore that he can ; hardly drag one foot after the other.
In an introduction to the great performances of. Duke in the east and at Stockholm, and accompanying two good pictures of the champion, the Enquirer prints the following:
The mermaid, being a poetic "myth and a fictitious character of the artists' fevered imagination, the next nearest thing to a fish that masquerades in human form are the islanders of the Southern Pacific Ocean, who can truthfully .be said to be more at home in the water than on the land.
On land the South Sea islander Is an
indolent, shiftless being, the height of
whose ambition appears to, be to see
how long he'ean lie undisturbed on
the. velvety manienle ' grass on . the
shady side, of a grass hbuse or "prop
ped up against , the . butt end of a
feathery cocoahut palm, but in the
shark-infested waters of his native
islands he apparently realizes, for the
first time .what, his hands and feet
are hitched Onto, his dark body for,
and he is all action and exhibits a
skill that is little less, than marvelous.
The largest and . most generally
known of x.this gronp of 'islands Js
Hawaii, one of Uncle yarn's new pos
sessions, and trans-Pacific travelers
touching at Honolulu have become
pop-eyed with amazement at ' the
aquatic skill displayed by the native
boys who swarm the docks of Hono
lulu harbor and swim 5. out to meet 4
the., incoming. steamers , to dive for
nickels aid.Bimes thrown from the
ends i over, the' great billows as: they
sweep shoreward fhls little Kahana
moku bov ix-rf ormed . wonders and
"will consist of a free supper, patriotic dark moving shapes of the man-eaM eclipsed all other; Kanakas at - the
music and stories of Washington and ing "leopard" shark. . 1 sport Sutliidlng is an old and heroic
While this native skill is a matter
of wonder to the man who from in
fancy ; has" kept , his feet incased in
commemoration of the birthdays of deck to swimmers down 'through the
these two great heroes. The program green water in the very midst of the

e used exclusively as a "chaser" to
his favorite brand Of poison, it is but
common native talent, to the brown
skinned hydro-man who has been
reared to look upon the wide expanse
of : sea tuat incased his 'island home
as his special flein of conquest The
South Sea Islander's contest with the
sear necessitated by.71.is .craving for
what the .sea could supply .as, from
early, days been . the chief-, stimulus
in the development of Hawaiian char
acter.' It has Jbeen .about the . only
thing he haa had to, call out his skill,
couragesagacity, Ingenuity and abili
ty; to endure i and :; conquer, . It v-has
created in him not only a wonderful
ability in his bodily contact with, the
waves, but,' has promoted a knowl
edge of navigation, and led to a min
ute and accurate v observation ; of
winds and currents, - lent scope and
fervor to the . Imagination. - an4. set
aflame the poetic spirit of .the race.
Their old songs and most cherished
native traditions are. replete ..with ref
erences to the sea.;. The sea Is the
Hawaiian's classic, from which have
come to him the seven wonders otthe
legendary world, and its foam-crested
billows have furnisned him with his
means of livelihood, his sport, his all.
- It is little wonder, then, that the
greatest swimmer the world of 4 sport
has ever seen should come from Ha
waii. Over In Honolulu .lived a dark
skinned boyr son of Honolulu's, chief
of. pol ice one of the. brown naked
kids who habitually swarm over the
docks and swim through the shark in
fested w aters of the narbor in search
of silver coins thrown from the decks
of . the incoming steamers-7-who
showed an ability to. surpass even the
wonderful feats of the rest of. these
Kanaka kids in their water sports.
This little brown -Kanaka boy was a
wdnder even among a nation of won
ders. His name was Duke P. Kahana
ni9ku. . . j '
At surf-riding the national sport of
breakers. ;, ;,,. r.;i!r-'v..;' v.'
; At dodging sharks in the waters of
Honolulu harbor wltn. ills jnouth filled
with .coins tossed from the deck jof
the steamers this tyoung son of. Hono
lulu's chief . of police was . also ? the
peerof i all. the Kanaka poy8.:Proh
ably many a trans-Pacific traveler has
leaned, over . the , raiL o an, incoming
steamer tossing coins into the water,
and wondering at the daring aquatic
feats of this brown Kanaka boy. with
out knowing that, he 'was looking on
what was destined to.be known the
world oyer as . the world's c greatest
syflmmer. v A - 'v ;Z;
in !Honor-irir-!Iof Kahana
moku that as a boy he. tempted fate
from the mouths of sharks in. the hat-
bor merely as a matter of-jsport and
an exhibition of.. his daring : and
prowess, frequently' approaching one
of . these r monsters Aa"nUy playing hide
and seek with the man-eater In the
water for the delectation of the horri
fied i passengers . on - seme incoming
steamer. It Is said taatwhen ap
proached , by a shark iKahanamoku
would "tread water" and gaze down
into the water with hb keen, eyes
Intent on the tactics oj the enemy.
ana just as .tap snarK vtouid turn on
bis back to snap the litte brown boy
would . dive beneath the monster,, and
the great jaws would :ome together
with nothing between) them. He
would repeat this untilne gained a
rope dangled from the sie of the shlD
and would then f frequency drop back
to, repeat the performance.
..y This was . the stuff which the
world's greatest swimme! was eventu
ally made. , As he grew ilder and the
era of progress that hd set in -in
Hawaii . promoted a; bettr - organized
condition of affairs, Kaknamokn be
came a member of te Hui Nalu
Swimming Club of Hontulu, and In
the competitions of thisclub he per-

Chronicling America
Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, February 18, 1913, 2:30 Edition, Page of Sports, Image 9
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014682/1913-02-18/ed-1/seq-9/

HISTORICAL PAGEANT AT WAIKIKI THIS MORNING IN COMMEMORATION OF LANDING
OF NAPOLEON OF THE PACIFIC ON RIVAL'S DOMAIN
PHOTOS BY A. R. GURREY, JR.

Tire flotilla ofwar-fanfs rpafhln; WalkikI beacli.
to
From The
The Belize
Warrior s
The KInj? and bis rornl retinae approaching orer the sands oMValklki beach. The gtratlc Harare In ad
rancr, over nhom kahliis are bo rue, I j Palonana, who impersonated Kamcbanieha at the pageant this mornjng.
Immense Throng Gathers at Beaches to ee Picturesque Pro-
cession of War-Canoes Filled with - Hawaiian's-. Event
Delayed ta Give Passengers orv'Mongolia - Chance ;To''Be'M
1 WWW! I k
live the King!
3 j
5
The King. Is dead. Long
Oahru Is Kamehameha's! f
-The battle af Nuuanu Pali is over. Kamehameha, the victor, his wives
' r and his warriora have feasted, and the great pageant at Waikiki : beach is
a thing of the past, a colorfnl, picturesque memory for those thousands
. who saw It, a regret for those who did not All credit to John H. . Wise,
jv chairmail of the Tegatta comUiIttee, an I his Meutenants for making the affair
' r the undoubted" success it was desplts the manifold difficulties with which
V they found themselves confronted at every stage of the preparations. All
jwL credit to Director Chillingworth, who stood behind hid assistants, cjirect
mJJ ing the work, fitting the multiplicity of detail into a beautiful, birmoni
; ... 4 ous whole. . . " . ) " !'--:::-
! Kamehameha and his warriors were late landing. It was at first intend-
? ed that the canoes bearing the brown soldiers shoald reach the beach be
tween the Outrigger club grounds and the Moana hotel at 9 o'clock, but
cne delay after another came up, the greatest of which was the tardy
' arrival of, the Pacific Mall steamer Mongolia, aboard of which were 134
passengers who had come 'all the way from San Francisco on purpose to
witness the pageant. The landing was held an hour for them, so that it
was three minutes afier 10 o clock when the faint boom of the cannon
mounted on the bows of the big sing'e canoe announced " that the flotilla
had passed the outer line of the surf and was preparing to land on the
sand. - .- . -0-..t..'-:-.:; ; " r . ,'. "'; .
Thousands There to Se. - : -
Thousands of people poured In by trolley and motor car, had by, this
time packed the grounds of the Seaside hotel, the Outrigger club and the
Moana hotel, Until there was barely room for the camera men, who bad
swarmed there from all over the world to get the first pictures of the
event. Captain Baker, "of the police, and four of his men were on hand
to care for the crowds and to keep the folk In place, but they proved utter
ly Insufficient for the demands of the occasion, and the mob wandered
pretty much whersoever It wanted, surging backward and forward over the
tracked and beaten sand until it was almost as hard as a board floor. A
conservative estimate of the numbers w ho witnessed the landing of the
King of Hawaii placed It at between six and seven thousand people, with
another couple of thousand on the way to the spot i ;
The Camera Brigade Busy.
If there was-a Ingle owner of a camera, big or little, who :was not
on the ground it was because he was sick-a-bed. There were cameras of,
all sorts and shapes and sizescameras without-: guardians, standing on.,
catacornered tripods, leering out across the sea. with an almost drunken
stare; neat, well-behaved little cameras, who minded their own business .
closely and sat at ease in the shade, waiting a chance to get busy; saucy
cameras, big lurching cameras, blacV cameras, yellow cameras and a dun- :
colored affair that pretended to be a camera and so got within the charmed -enclosure.
There were moving picture cameras that purred like: gigantic
cats while the operators grunted an 1 sweated behind them. Not a single
feature of the pageant escaped the eves that winked and blinked in the
brilliant sunshine', fixing for the rest of the world to see the landing of
Kamehameha the Great on this, his Island of Oahu. . i
i

If. like another Rip Van Winkle,
old King Kamehameha . I could have
coine out of the great slumber this
morning, cne hundred and eighteen
yearrr after that first epoch-making
landing on Walkiki's coral strand,
and Kone down to that .., beach he
ould have been far more startled by
wrought than the fictitious Rip" we s.
In the place where only grass-covered
huts of the natives and the rest
ing house of King Kalanfkupule stood
then, half hidden in the bosky shades
tf giant monkey-pods and cocoanut
palms, he would have seen today the
long line of glittering, painted hotel
fronts, and massed in front of these,
tier upon tier extending right" down
to the edge of the lapping waves, a
throng of humanify. a beautiful spec
tacle flaunting all the colors of the
rainbow.
And he would have seen visions of
his dreams. His dearest friend ana
most Intimate chief could never have
convinced him that this was the scene of his great triumph and that all these
people, of white skin and clad in still whiter garments, really existed and had come down to do honor to his memory.

Kamehameha Reincarnated.

Perhaps he would have smiled slightly when told that the line of tnwny-haed ' canoes slowly- working their way in from the south represented the historic coming of his own legions.
That is, he might have smiled when the little fleet was at a distance, because of its meagerness and inadequacy of size and numbers.
But on its nearer approach the old warrior would have experienced a change of opinion.
He might even have rubbed his eyes to make sure he was not reincarnated and that the real Kamehameha was not the noble figure standing upright in the big double canoe.
Some of the other men, lesser chiefs and valiant warriors, he also might have been inclined to recognize as his own, so big and stalwart and brave looking were they in their mimic war apparel.

Weather God Smiles Serene.

As for the weather, this second famous landing was destined! from the beginning to be perfect, if balmy skies, gentle zephyrs and a friendly,
low-rolling surf mean anything to Hawaiian canoeists.
It seemed that

There is only one spot where this fascinating sport can be seen and indulged in at its best, says H. J. Shepstone, in the 'Wide World Magazine,' and that is at Waikiki Beach, not far from Honolulu, the capital of Hawaii.
True, attempts have been made to introduce the sport into the United States and other countries, particularly in Australia, but they have invariably failed.
A few seasons ago a number of surf-board enthusiasts appeared at Atlantic City.
They manfully rode over the breakers, but faled to induce the people to take up the pastime seriously.
Then, at San Francisco, a Hawaiian youth was specially brought from Honolulu to teach Americans how to ride upon the waves, but he soon returned home disgusted at the little interest taken in his exploits.
These failures, however, arose from a variety of causes.
The conditions of Atlantic City, and also at the resorts upon the Pacific Coast of North America, are not the same as those found at Honolulu.
Moreover, the sport is one that demands nerve, pluck, tact, quick judgment, and the exercise of considerable patience.
You cannot hope to become even a third-rate surf-board rider under a couple of months' constant  practice.
Indeed, it takes a whole season to master the intricacies of the art.

Waikiki Beach, where this wonderful sport may be witnessed, is some three miles from the centre of Honolulu, and is easily reached by train.
It is virtually a curve in the shore fronting directly upon the vast Pacific Ocean, yet protected by a great coral reef nearly a mile from the shore.
Against this barrier the mighty rollers from, the seas stub their toes, so to speak, and pitch headlong m foam-crested ridges across the lagoon and or to the coral sand of the beach.
The great trick is to ride upon the first or outer wave and be carried by those that subsequently form right on to the beach.
The boards used are of light mahogany, some 6ft in length by 18in wide.
Upon this frail craft the heaviest man may stand, if he knows how, while the force of the wave is behind him, but in quiet water it will readily sink under the weight of a child.
Like every other kind of sport, surf-board riding requires a certain knack, and the knack here is to send your board shooting through the water at the right moment and at the right speed.
To do this really successfully you must develop certain muscles in the arms and shoulders.
You must learn first how to lie flat on the board m deep water, to balance yourself when there, andl how to send the frail craft forward by using your arms like a pair of windmills and working your legs like the paddles of a canoe.
 

National Library of New Zealand : PAPERSPAST
THE SURF-BOARD RIDERS OF HAWAII
Otautau Standard and Wallace County Chronicle, Volume VIII, Issue 407, 4 March 1913, Page 7.
http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/

Trove
Queensland Figaro, Brisbane, Thursday 13 March 1913, page 11.

With the Moana pier and beach thronged with interested townsfolk and tourists, including the members of the crack Australian cricket team, who were through passenger on the new R. M. S. Niagara enroute to Canada and the United States for a series of matches, Duk Kahanamoku, champion short-disiance swimmer of the world, yesterday afternoon gave his firsyt public swimming exhibition  since his return to Honolulu from Stockholm and the Olympic games.

It was at the request of the Australian cricket team that Duke gave the exhibition yesterday, the members sending a wireless message to W. T. Rawlins, setting forth their desire to see the champion in action.
Duke's appearance at the beach was a signal for all local swimmers to turn out, and for two hours after the time set for the beginning of the exhibition the water was dotted with hundreds of bathers.
The tourists of the Niagara also turned out in full force to watch the local crack, and to enjoy a dip at the famous beach, and canoes and surfboards were in demand throughout the afternoon.
Prior to the starting of the exhibition, a battery of cameras, in the hands of tourists and local photographers, assailed Duke, and he was forced to pose for more than half an hour.

Duke Easy Winner.

A large outrigger canoe manned by several members of the Hul Nalu carried Duke and another local swimmer  out Into the water near the end of  the breakwater between the Moana  and the Outrigger Club, and a course  from that point to the Moana pier was laid out.
This race, like all others, was purely exhibition, there being no starters nor timers.
The first race was between Duke and three other Hawaiians running a relay, in which Duke won out by several feet.
The following events consisted of races between the champion and his team-mates, and in each case he gave them considerable handicap, winning out each time.
The last race, which showed Duke's power as a swimmer, was against another husky lad, the champion swimming on his back and the other in regular fashion.
With arms threshing like the paddles of a windmill, the champion ran away from his opponent before the latter had fairly started.

Cricketers Try Surf.

Following the swimming  exhibition three large canoes were brought out, and manned by the Hui Nalu.
In Duke's canoe were the members of  the cricket team, while the other contained tourists ahd local persons
The canoes were taken far out into the water where the surf was breaking at its best and there followed a spirited race to shore, the three outriggers running abreast.
Other members of the Hui Nalu gave exhibitions of surf riding.

In all, the exhibition was a success, serving to show the tourists what Hawaii has to offer In the way of swimming material.
The Australian cricketers expressed themselves as being well pleased with the affair, although somewhat disappointed because of the fact that the champion was not able to come to Australia to participate in the swimming contests which were recently held there.

Chronicling America
Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, May 22, 1913, 2:30 Edition, Image 9
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A letter received yesterday by Alexander Hume Ford, editor of the Mid-Pacific Magazine, from Percy Hunter, who is now In Great Britain, is to the effect that the Australian publicity hound and writer intends establishing in London a tourist bureau which will feature the Hawaiian islands as an attractive winter resort.
Hunter suggests that literature and photographs be forwarded him as soon as he has the matter well in hand, and Mr. Ford will take the matter up with the promotion committee.

Chronicling America
Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, May 23, 1913, 3:30 Edition, Image 2
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Tonight will be the last chance Honolulu will have to see Cressy and Dayne.
The couple has made a lasting impression on local theater goers and there are many funny things Cressy has said that will never be forgotten.
During the short time he has been in Honolulu he has tried to master

Chronicling America
Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, May 31, 1913, 3:30 Edition, Image 5
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Page 1

Possibly fifty of Duke's friends had hailed him as a prospective matinee idol, almost as soon as he came down town this morning, and he was becoming tired of denying the soft impeachment.

He made the positive statement not only to a Star-Bulletin man, but also to W.T. Rawlins, president of the Hui Nalu, and also president of the H. A. A. and to John P. Soper, chairman of the registration committee of the latter organization, that there was absolutely no truth in the vaudeville yarn.
Nor has he any intention of turning professional.

Page 3

"Where are there any professional swimming meets, I'd like to know?" said Rawlins.
"Certainly there are not enough for a man to make a very good living out of them.
I know though, that some persons here, have tried to get hold of Duke to make a few dollars out of managing him for a while, but thev haven't been manly enough to come out in the open with their propositions.
As to going on the stage, Duke isn't just cut out for an actor.
There is nothing to that story."

"I'd like to meet the guy that wrote that story about me getting an offer of $1000 a week for 58 weeks to appear on the stage," commented Duke.

"Maybe he can tell me where to find the man that made the offer.
I never heard of it before, and I'd kind of like to get such an offer, believe me.
Gee!, I'd hate to think what I wouldn't do for 58,000 simoleons!
That's an awful lot of coin."

"No," Duke said, in answer to a query, "I've not received any theatrical offer of any kind yet I've never heard a proposition of that kind, until one of the boys told me about that story in the morning paper today."

However, the theatrical offer or the lack of it isn't worrying the champion to any extent.
In fact Duke is fortunate in the possession of a temperament that refuses to be inflicted by worry on any count

He now his two swimmlng ambltions- one, to cut down existing world's records in the short distances at the San Francisco meet to a point where they are likely to stand unchallenged for many years to come; the other is to do something worthy of note in the long-distance events.

After the San Francisco contest he expects to go to Long Beach, and says he wants to see what he can do in a race scheduled for that place over a three-quarter-of-a-mile course in the open salt water.

Reminded that the water probably will be pretty rough there for record-smashing, Duke said: "I don't mind that I like the rough water and somehow I feel more at home in it than in the still water.
I've never tried for a record in rough water and I'd like to make the attempt, just to see what I can do."

Duke yesterday picked out his special surfing board from among the lot at Waikiki and will take it to Long Beach, where his performances in the surf should prove an enormous attraction to the Californians.

Duke also has an ambition to visit the beach resorts of Florida with his beloved surfing-board, but he doubtless will have to forego that pleasure a few months, as few people visit the Florida coast in the baking hot summer months and the big hotels are virtually closed until late in the fall.

Chronicling America
Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, June 17, 1913, 2:30 Edition, Image 1
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
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Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, June 17, 1913, 2:30 Edition, Image 3
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
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SAN FRANCISCO, June 13.
There has lately been showing in one of Los Angeles finest theatres a moving picture panorama of the Hawaiian Islands, heralded as "A $100,000 Trip Through Hawaii."
I went the other evening, and don't remember ever having heard so much pure bunk, and so many inaccuracies as the Illiterate lecturer poured forth to my astonishment and grief.
There were one or two genuine facts presented, one or two Hawaiian words spoken correctly, but that's was all.

The pictures were wonderful, and so far as they went gave one an Inaccurate though interesting Idea of what the Sandwich Islands might be, I say inaccurate because when the show was over, the desire aroused to visit the Islands would be coupled with a feeling that the trip couldn't be taken without an adequate arrangement for gun bearers and guards.
With one exception, the show was of "Hawaii primeval."
...
Then began the moving picture.
What was evidently a canoe passing Cocoanut Island off Hilo was introduced to us as "a scene on one of the small lakes near Honolula the islands abounding with these small lakes."
As a passing commentary the lecturer informed us that "Honolula was on the island of Ohew."

Boys sliding down a grassy slope on ti-leaves made a pretty picture, and I learned they were on their way down the bank into "another one of the many lakes found in Hawaiia."
...
 An exquisite picture of Japanese maidens wandering through a Japanese garden brought applause from the spectators.
...
The Bonine pictures of the natives surfing were among the most interesting and best-llked, and I discovered the surfing trips were much longer than in the old days, the natives "riding the boards in from two or three miles off shore."
The surf-riding on boards was described as being very dangerous and many were kilied at the sport.

Sharks Invade Homes

The only worse feature in the islands, according to the imaginative lecturer, was the sharks, discussed as a Young Bros, shark-fishing expedition was thrown on the screen.
"Many a native home had been darkened by the sudden rush of a man-eating shark" when the bread-winner or poi-pounder
was enjoying a surf-ride or a brief dip.

Chronicling America
Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, June 18, 1913, 2:30 Edition, Image 9
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014682/1913-06-18/ed-1/seq-9/

The Hawaiian swimmers that left here yesterday morning for San Francisco, ought to be able to clip most if not all of the coast records.
A summary of the records, as well as the conditions, of the big-meet on the afternoon and evening of July 4 is to be held in the Sutro baths was  received by  W. T. Rawlins, president of the Hui Nalu, from W. M. Cortman, the San Francisco promoter, just before the former's departure on the Wilhelmina.

Here are the coast records: .
50 yards 26 seconds.
100 yards 60 seconds.
'220 yards 2 min 36 2-5 sec.
440 yards 5 min 31 sec.
880 yards 12 min 21 2-5 sec
50 yards back stroke 34 sec. 1
50 yards breast stroke 38 3-5 sec.
No records for the 300 yard relay race are available, writes Coffman.

The Hawaiian swimmers should easily excel the various marks above.
Duke Kahanamoku has made much better time for all the events, up to and including the 440 yards.
The tank where the big swims are to be held is 75 yards straightway, and 75 feet wide.
The salt water will be heated to a temperature of 70 degrees, only two degrees cooler than the local sea water.
The baths have a seating capacity of 7,000 people.

Los Angeles well as San Francisco is interested in the California invasion of the Hawaiian swimmers who left yesterday on the Wilhelmina.
The promised appearance of Duke and his fellow water speeders at the Southern California beach resort has  caused no end of excitement and it now looks as though the Hawian contingent would be the making of quite a meet in the south.

The Los Angeles Examiner, of June 9, has the following to say of the coming of the Hawaiians:

T A. Henry, chairman of the swimming committee of the Los Angeles Athletic Club, is in receipt of a letter from William T. Rawlins, of the Hui Nalu, a Honolulu athletic organization, stating that he expects to bring a team of seven Hawaiian swimmers to San Francisco to compete at the meet at the Sutro Baths on July 4 and would like to enter his men in. the L. A. A. C. swimming meet on July 10 and 11 and in the Ocean Park rough water race on July 13.

Rawlins requested that Henry deputize some one in the northern city, to act for him to arrangie the details of the trip to Southern California and said that he expected to bring the whole team here if satisfactory.
The original intention of the local committee was to obtain the entry or Duke kahanamoku only, the addition of six other crack Hawaiians will make the Hui Nalu entry a formidable one.

The swimmers wish to do some surf riding at Long Beach and some of the other local beaches when they come south and it is probable that arrangements will be made for some kind of a water carnival, probably at  Long Beach, where the breakers usually are heavy and suitable for this kind of sport.
Henry will take up the matter at once with the Hawaiian manager and probably will be ble to arrange for at least a week's stay for the visitors, which will give them a chance to see the sights and compete in the various water carnivals to be arranged for their benefit.
If the team is brought here for the Athletic Club meetlng it will prove the biggest feature ever incorporated in the program of a swimming meet in Southern California and a great boost for water sports.
 

Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, June 19, 1913, 2:30 Edition, Image 9
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014682/1913-06-19/ed-1/seq-9/

Pete Lenz, captain of the local Long Beach high school swimming team, proved a worthy opponent of Duke Kahanamoku, the famous Hawaiian swimmer, last night in the 220-yard race at the Los Angeles Athletic Club, the Hawaiian finished less than a half-tank length ahead of the Long Beach boy.
The winner's time was 2 minutes, 41 seconds.
The Hawaiian walked away with the 100-yard event, in which Crary and Howard, of L.A.A.C. were his only opponents, his time being 55 1/5.

The great Hawaiian swimmer and six members of the Hawaiian team spent several hours in Long Beach yesterday.
They came upon the invitation of Pete Lenz.
They couldn't resist the surf and the Duke gave a thrilling exhibition of surfboard riding.
Thousands of people enjoyed watching him.
Many people here have expressed a wish that the Bath House company would present frequent surfboard riding exhibitions such as was offered yesterday.
It is believed they would prove a big card.

http://www.honolulu.gov/cameras/waikiki_beach/duke.htm

President William T. Rawlins and his victorious swimmers of the Hui Nalu returned home this morning on the Oceanic liner Sierra, having made what amounts to a clean sweep of two big meets on the coast at San Francisco and Los Angeles.
The lads and Rawlins were given an ovation at the dock by hundreds of friends and admirers, and everywhere they went today were stopped by acquaintances and congratulated on the remarkable showing that the Hawaiian swimmers made-in: competition with the best the coast could send against them.

Duke Kahanamoku, the world's champion, and Robert Kaawa did not return.
Duke will be home in about a week, said Rawlins, but it is reported that Kaawa has yielded to the lure of the footlights and will go into vaudeville.
Those who returned today were H. W. D. King, Lukelai Kauplko, D. Keaweamahi, H. Kahele, C. W. Hustace, Frederick Wilhelmn and J. B. Lightfoot.
...
"We cleaned ; up practically ; every thing we entered on the coast; Duke doing remarkably fast work, but of course you. know about that.
In Los Angeles he went; into the fifty-yard breast-stroke for the first  time and won it nicely, though he has never practiced that style.
He surprised all of us by his versatility.
Then a week ago yesterday at Los Angeles he went into the ocean swim for three-quarters of a mile, against Ludy Langer, the southern crack: Duke had never tried this distance before.
I told him  to lay back off Langer and close to him all the way and gauge his speed that way."
''Well, Duke, swam a perfectly judged race.
He kept just behind Langer's elbow all the way and then in the last twenty-five yards he gave a couple of kicks and went ahead, winning in 16 minutes 32 seconds and chopping two and a half minutes off Langer's record.
We went around to Long Beach, Redondo and Venice and the work of theboys attracted much attention and favorable comment.
At Venice Curtis Hustace and Duke gave an exhibition ported that Kaawa has yielded to the eyes of the people there. (sic)
Hustace came in on the surf -board standing on his head about twenty times, and twenty thousand people went wild.

Chronicling America
Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, July 21, 1913, 2:30 Edition, Image 9
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014682/1913-07-21/ed-1/seq-9/

Five hundred Tacoma Elks, with nearly twice as many relatives and friends, went to sea yesterday.
They saw; they bathed: they frolicked.
And they returned late last night begrimed, dusty and tired, but effervescing with the joy of a pleasant day pleasantly spent.
The big excursion of Tacoma Elks lodge to the sea at Moclips was a huge success.
Two great excursion trains, containing nearly 1,400 persons, left Tacoma at 7 o'clock in the morning, spent all afternoon on the soft, velvety sands of the ocean beach, and returned late in the evening.
The raptures of the ocean surf carried away the crowds with frank enthusiasm.
Old men and women, piping children, sedate society matrons and well groomed business men - in fact, practically everybody at the beach - forgot his modesty for the day and jerked off shoes and stockings to wade out in the foamy water.
Hundreds of people went in bathing, and lolled about on the sands after their plunge in the cool ocean waves.
The Quinault Indians gave an exhibition of surf riding in a big Indian canoe.
Icecream stands were sold out early in the day, and ice water was at a premium.

The Tacoma Elks were augmented at the beach by an excursion train filled with Elks from Hoquiam, Aberdeen. Elma and Centralia.
It was one of the largest crowds ever gathered at Mociips, and the weather man produced one of the most beautiful days of summer for the jolly Elks.
Exalted Ruler George McCarthy forgot his dignity and dabbled in the waves.
"Doc" Austin, the biggest Tacoma Elk present, lost himself in a bathing suit and forgot about tooth-pulling, while he dove head-first through huge breakers.
There was a baseball game, too, but it broke up suddenly when somebody started a hike for the bathhouse.
Tom Desmond taught the younger fellows how to keep cool under a green umbrella and enjoy the sight of others in the surf, and Alonzo Condon was busy with a big smile reconnoitering the refreshments.
Clinton Manley, the most important man present, and yet the most inconspicous, remained in a baggage car and furnished lemonade and soda thirst quenchers to the crowds - when he wasn't thwarting a strike movement among the kid vendors.
Altogether, it was a grand old time!

Chronicling America
The Tacoma times. (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, July 21, 1913, Image 1
Image and text provided by Washington State Library; Olympia, WA
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88085187/1913-07-21/ed-1/seq-1/

The Pacific association yesterday granted a sanction for the holding: of a swimming meet at Santa Cruz next week.
All the best local swimmers have been invited to compete, including Ernie Smith, Linc Johnson, Walter Pomeroy, Masten, Lindsay and others.
Duke Kahanamoku, who is at present sojourning at Monte Rio, has also been invited to take the trip to the summer resort town and will be on hand to compete in the events.
It is possible that the duke will also give exhibitions of surf riding.

Chronicling America
The San Francisco call. (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, July 22, 1913, Image 14
Image and text provided by University of California, Riverside; Riverside, CA
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85066387/1913-07-22/ed-1/seq-14/

Chronicling America
The San Francisco call. (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, July 26, 1913, Image 11
Image and text provided by University of California, Riverside; Riverside, CA
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High overhead a brazen sun broiled in a copper sky, and the long, oily swell of the Pacific seemed struggling and heaving in vain against the shackling heat rays.
A lone outrigger canoe rose and fell listlessly on the surges, a faint line of uncoiling, bubbling foam in its wake showing bare headway.
(An ill or injured"white man" is paddled by two "Kanakas" in an outrigger canoe towards Ohau ...)
...
(Meanwhile at Waikiki)
The usual Sunday crowd of bathers assembled at Waikiki at the usual hour.
The sky was a flawless blue.
The Moana boat house was filled to overflowing and the sands of the beach from the Queen's Surf to the Hau Tree covered an over with an ever-shifting kaleidoscope of brilliant color.
The sea was as clear as crystal, and the surf had never been better.
Eel-like Harold Hustace, as brown as any Hawaiian, was there with his surf-board, and that bronze Apollo, Duke Kahanamoku, who was later to win enduring fame at Stockholm for his prowess in the water.
There were myriads of lesser lights and enthusiasts, from experts to the most bungling tyros at the great game.
Canoes, gorgeous in the Royal Hawaiian black and gold, and loaded to the gunwales with shrieklng women and ackwardly paddling men, were shooting in from the surf, past the little pier with its mirthful audience, and clear up to the sands of the beach itself.
Beyond the surf, waiting for a roller, lay a big canoe, and the men of her were overboard in the cool, deep water beyond the bar, swimming and sporting in the smaller waves and sitting and standing on the outrigger and forcing it beneath the surface until the women passengers cried out in real alarm.
At  last there was a warning cry, the men scrambled hastily aboard, and with desperate and too often useless paddles churning the water to foam, they caught a huge billow, and came roaring in, escorted by daring surf-board riders and a swarm of lesser craft.

Suddenly a woman on the Moana pier stood up and pointed, and all the others stood up and pointed with her.
Far, far out, so that at times it was lost to sight beyond the waves, was a small canoe, rising and falling with the swell.
In it two tiny black automatons were faintly visible, and now a third appeared, and he seemed a shade lighter than the others.
He hoisted a rag on a stick, and waved it and the ladies on the pier very gracefully and prettily waved their handkerchiefs in return.
And they laughed and chatted and exclaimed, How far out it was! and they hadn't seen it go out! and who could it be?

(The Waikiki locals fail to recognise the sailors' difficulty, the outrigger canoe is swamped in the surf, and the three men perish.)

 - By H. Miller in the "Argonaut."

Trove
Northern Star, Lismore, NSW, 26 July 1913, page 2.
1913 'THREE BLACK DOTS.', Northern Star (Lismore, NSW : 1876 - 1954), 26 July, p. 2, viewed 7 September, 2012,
http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article72329547

Reprinted in:
Chronicle and North Coast Advertiser, Queensland, 1 August 1913, page 6.
Trove
1913 'Three Black Dots.', Chronicle and North Coast Advertiser (Qld. : 1903 - 1922), 1 August, p. 6, viewed 7 September, 2012, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article81848105

Note.
The article originally appeared as A Futile Struggle- The Tragedy of a Voyage Under a Tropical Sun.
by H.W. Miller, San Francisco, November 1912.
The Argonaut,
Alfred Hollman (editor), San Francisco.
Volume LXXI, Number 1862,  November 30, 1912, page 362.

Words comes from Australia that "Our Duke'' is wanted there just to show how well a man can swim when he tries.
The Australians say they will pay the expenses of Duke, his manager and trainer and Rawlins who has Duke under wing will probably start with his protege within a month.

Down in the Solomon Islands, where the great Wickman came from, there are swimmers who can take the bush from anything so far discovered.
The women have never been in a contest away from home, but it is said if they were to come to Hawaii they would swim circles around anything Honolulu has so far produced.
The famous Duke kick is native, not to say indiginous (sic), to that section of the world and the women all use it.
....
Honolulu has been very warm for several days and the beach has
been well patronized in consequence.
Surfing and swimming have been popular diversions with kamaainas and malihinis alike, for it seemed the only relief from a
temperature of 90 degrees, which we have had.
Trades today make it cooler.

Chronicling America
The Maui news. (Wailuku, Maui, H.I.) 1900-current, August 09, 1913, Image 3
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
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Hawaii's floral beauties were strikingly manifested in the islands' welcome to Mme. Lillian Nordica, and the artists of her party.
Paul Dufault, Franklin Holding and Romayne Simmons, with whom she appeared in two concerts at the Hawaiian opera house during a fortnight's stay in July.

At the first concert Mme. Nordica. received a floral offering possible in few other parts of the world, and possible in Honolulu only on certain occasions.
At the conclusion of one of her songs, twelve beautiful blossoms of the nlght-bloomlng cereus were passed over the footlights.
Mme. Nordica's momentary bewilderment as she took the huge, strange bouquet in her arms, and her evident appreciation of it greatly pleased the audience.
It was a greeting from the "Lily of Hawail," as the blossom is sometimes called, to the "Lily of the North."

At both concerts the opera house was filled to its limit, and Mme. Nordica graciously responded to enthusiastic encores at almost every number.
This was Mme. Nordica's first visit to the Islands and she declared she found it quite the paradise that she had heard it to be.
She found the bathing and surf riding especially irresistible, and the artists spent many delightful hours in the waters of the famous Naikiki (sic) beach, in front of their hotel.

Mme. Nordlca and her party were the guests of ex-Queen Lilioukalani one afternoon at her home, Washington place, Honolulu,.
A stringed quintette played Hawaiian airs and Nordica sang two Japanese songs by Charles Wakefield Cadman.
Ex-Queen Lilioukalani Is her self a musician and is the composer of some of the best-loved Hawaiian songs.

Chronicling America
The Salt Lake tribune. (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, August 17, 1913, Second News Section, Image 30
Image and text provided by University of Utah, Marriott Library
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045396/1913-08-17/ed-1/seq-30/

It is now practically assured that Duke Paoa Kahanamoku will visit Australia for the coming swimming season, and compete in the Australian championships at Sydney and Brisbane, and most likely swim at the other large centres in the Commonwealth.
An announcement to that effect was made at the council meeting of the New South Wales Amateur Swimming Association on Thursday evening by Mr. W. W. Hill, hon. secretary of the Australian Swimming Union, who has been conducting the negotiations with the famous swimmer on behalf of the State Swimming Association.

The Olympic Games champion has expressed his acceptance of the invitation, and is willing to come with his manager and companion, so as to arrive here early in December.
The local body is, however, suggesting that his first appearance should be made early in January, and that he should arrive here about ten days or a fortnight before the first race.
The itinerary will most likely include Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, Adelaide, Tasmania, and New Zealand, and the Australian Union is desirous of increasing the interest in swimming throughout Australasia, and the visit of the world's sprint champion should give it the needed impetus.

The tour will be managed by Mr. William T. Rawlins, president of the Hui Nalu Club of Honolulu, who has written to Mr. Hill as follows:
"Duke P. Kahanamoku, having recently returned from California, this club has taken up with him the matter of his visiting Australia to compete in the swimming championships, and Duke has expressed the wish to make the trip.
He has been absent on the mainland since June 18, and we have delayed writing to you with, reference to the matter until we had an opportunity to talk to him in regard to the trip.
The club has attended to all matters pertaining to the trips made by the Duke, and it is our desire that Duke visit Australia.
We will secure the sanction of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States immediately on receipt of a cable from you that the trip is on.
Duke had a most successful trip in San Francisco, during which he broke many records, among them the 100yds record held by your Wickham.
He is going to San Francisco again on October 8 to compete in the swimming championships during Fortoia Week, and if the trip to Australia is made we will start for Sydney the first week in November."

The New South Wales Association has determined to support the union in arranging the trip, and will guarantee its financial share.
The other States are being communicated with, and it is expected will also fall into line.

Referee Sydney, 1 October 1913, page 16. Duke, Kahanamoku THE WORLD'S CHAMPION AMATEUR SHORT-DISTANCE SWIMMER ON THE SURF-BOARD AT HONOLULU. Trove 1913 'MELBOURNE THEATRES.', Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 - 1939), 1 October, p. 16. , viewed 09 Apr 2019, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120486573

A Hawaiian village, located preferably at the public baths beach at Waikiki, or in some convenient grove of cocoanuts, is the dream of John T. Warren of the Honolulu Photo Supply, until recently a member of the promotion committee.

He suggests that the scheme be taken up seriously by persons who would be able to work it out, involving the locating of a family of pure blood on the land with rent free and perquisites to some from visits of tourists.
The family would bo required to build houses thatched with pili grass, or grass similar to it, to cultivate taro and keep an outrigger canoe at the beach equipped with nets and spears and torches, to show tourists how the Hawaiians make fish hauls.
Mr. Warren says that almost every tourist who visits his place of business inquires if there is any place near, or in town, where old time native life can be seen to advantage.

"Almost every tourist who starts for Hawaii believes that there are still a part of the Hawaiian population living in grass houses and living quite close to nature," says Mr. Warren.
"They are generally disappointed when told that the grass house is now a museum feature and few such houses are used today for actual residence purposes, except in remote parts of the Island.

"I base my belief on the success of this experiment from the manner in which the revival of surf-riding has taken such a hold upon the people.
That was an art which was dying out.
There were very few surf boards at the beach, and few canoes.
The establishment of the Outrigger Club revived the ancient surf-ridng and canoeing sport.
Today there are hundreds of surf boards along the beach and scores of persons competent to ride the waves as the ancient Hawaiians did.
It is an art by no means confined to Hawaiians, for their haole cousins are adept, and tourists are crazy about it, and a large number of them learn how to use the boards before they conclude their visits to the Islands.
The grass houses which were built at the Outrigger Club have always been popular with tourists and I see no reason why the Hawaiian village idea cannot be carried out.

"A family of Hawaiians, who can be depended upon, a family which is sober and upright, can make the thing a success.
They should plant native trees and plants and weave lauhalu mats and hats.
The men should show how the Hawaiians fish and they should dress in the malo.
The Hawaiians should not be ashamed to wear the malo.
Their haole cousins wear almost a malo, and probably would wear that in bathing if they were as adept in adjusting it as Hawaiians."

Chronicling America
The Hawaiian gazette. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, October 07, 1913, Image 6
Image and text provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83025121/1913-10-07/ed-1/seq-6/

A private cable message was received received yesterday Sydney Sydney from Mr. W. W. Hill, hon. secretary of the Australian Swimming Union, from Honolulu, to the effect that private business will prevent the world's Olympic champion.

Mr. W. W. Hill, secretary of the New South Wales Rugby Union, Australian Swimming Union, Olympic Fund Committee, and general all-round sporting enthusiast, returned to Sydney yesterday by the R.M.S. Niagara, after a brief visit to California.

The Sydney sportsman was specially invited by the Universities of California and Leland Stanford to referee their annual Rugby game, and he left Sydney, accompanied by Mrs. Hill, on October 4.
He officiated in that game and also refereed matches played by the New Zealand "All Blacks" against the All-American team, and California University, and also the annual fixture between Stanford University and the University of Southern California.
He accompanied the New Zealanders and refereed their game at Fiji.

... (Football)

Mr. Hill visited Honolulu, on his way home, to interview Duke Paoa Kahanamoku, the famous Hawaiian world's champion sprint swimmer, in regard to a visit to Australia.
Unfortunately, the "Duke" has some urgent private business to attend to.
When at Honolulu, Mr. Hill mastered the art of surf-board riding, and canoeing in front of the wave; which sport is made possible by the formation of the Waikiki beach, which brings in a long easy roll.
"There are some fine swimmers at Honolulu besides Kahanamoku," continued Mr. Hill, "and the Hawaiian Athletic Union wants to send a team to Australia next season.
George Cunha is the best, and has swam 100 yards in 57 seconds."

... (Baseball)

"Everywhere I went," concluded Mr. Hill, "I had an enjoyable time."

Chronicling America
The Washington herald. (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, December 25, 1913, Image 4
Image and text provided by Library of Congress, Washington, DC
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045433/1913-12-25/ed-1/seq-4/

An Australian's first impression of the famous Waikiki beach at Honolulu is decidedly disappointing.
Waikiki, means "spouting water," and the world-famous bathing place is about 1 1/2 mile long; and many hotels and boarding houses are situated there, and some of the dining rooms reach over to the beach.

The sandy portion does not exceed 25 yards in width at any point; and the rise and fall of the tide is very slight.
However, it is the formation of the beach that has made the locality so famous.
Coral abounds on the bottom, and a reef stretches right across the bay about half a mile from shore. Inside the water is quite shallow, and swimmers are frequently seen two hundred yards from shore and when they stand up they are only waist deep in the water.
It is this shallowness and very gradual slope that gives the waves their long, easy, regular roll and makes surf- board riding and canoeing so delightful.

Tho board is about seven feet long, and eighteen inches wide, with a convex top.
About 300 yards out a wave is selected, and then, lying flat on the board with the arms used in paddle fashion, as much impetus as possible is gained before the wave reaches the surfer.
The position is maintained until one is certain that the wave is carrying its burden, when the enjoyment is increased by first assuming a kneeling position, and then standing erect in the centre of the board.
This is kept up for more than 200 yards; and sometimes those who can balance well, stand on their heads.
The experience is very pleasant; and, once the art is mastered, everything is forgotten in the keen enjoyment of the exercise.

The canoeing is performed in what are called outriggers.
These are dug out logs in which about six people are each provided with a seat and a paddle.
The outriggers stretch about 6ft out, and a smaller log joins them and balances the canoe.
The boat is paddled out to the wave, and the same process in starting is gone through as is done on the surf board.
Sufficient impetus is attained before the wave reaches the canoe; then the paddling ceases and the boat goes careering along at a terrific pace, with the water coming over the bow.

The man in the stern keeps the course, straight in front of the wave, with his paddle as a rudder; and sometimes when there are signs of the wave rushing past the boat, all hands resume paddling and the position in front is maintained.

With both surf board and the canoe there is plenty of pleasurable exercise.
These delightful pastimes have most deservedly made Waikiki world famous; and with an even temperature in the water of 74 degrees bathing Is enjoyable all the year round.

It was Waikiki that produced the greatest sprint swimmer that the world has yet known - Duke Paoa Kabanamoku.
He was named "Duke" after his father, who was given the name by a loving parent in honour of the visit of the Duke of Edinburgh, who arrived at Honolulu on the day that the first Duke Kahanamoku was born.
Paoa was the name of the grandfather of the champion, and "Kahanamoku," in the native language means "shipbuilder," from which occupation the family no doubt derived its name.

Twenty-three years of age, six feet one inch tall, and weighing in street attire nearly 14 stone, Duke, as he is known to everyone in the Islands, is the perfect type of an athlete.
He has large shoulders, upper arm, and chest, and is very clean limbed, and moves with ease and freedom.
Duke is a member of the Hui Nalu, which means "surf club," and the broad Pacific is his playground.

For some time he outpaced his fellows in both sprint and distance events; and at a carnival held In the Honolulu harbour in 1912 he won the 100 yards swim, in the world's record time for a straightaway course, viz., 55 2-5s.
The great swimmer secured a place in the United States team for the fifth Olympic Games at Stockholm.
His first essay gave cause for doubt, as he was forced to retire with cramp.
To one unused to turning, and to small bathing pools, and who had previously known only the ocean for his swimming practice, the new conditions were decidedly awkward.
However, his second trial silenced everyone; and he just showed his heels to all the great sprinters of the eastern part of the union and was selected.
Recently the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States placed seven more records to Duke's credit, and the world's record figures now against his name are as follow:-
50 yards.- 23 1-5s, at Olympic Club, San Francisco, July, 1913.
75 yards- 37 1-3s, at Olympic Club, San Francisco, July, 1913.
100 yards, straightaway- 52 2-5s, at Honolulu, June, 1912.
100 yards, one turn- 54 3-5s, at Satro Baths, July 5, 1912.
100 metres- 61 3-5s, Hamburg, Germany, July, 1912.

All the above times are seconds-foot fractions ahead of the next best swims for the same distance.

Duke is employed as a draughtsman in the Public Works Department of the Islands, and is very successful in his work.
He has a very retiring disposition, and one soon makes friends with him.

He will willingly exhibit his stroke and kick in the water to anyone who is interested.
Up and down the beach he will swim, with his long-reaching crawl stroke; flat on the water with an easy roll to one side, and an easier one to the other.
When asked how he "kicked," Duke was quite at a loss to explain; and he finally gave it up, and said he did not know, but just kept going naturally.

A close watch shows his right leg moving a little faster than his left, in the ratio of about three of the former to trwo of the latter.
In the longer distance work, he moves slower in all respects, and there is less disturbance in the water.

Kahanamoku Is very eager to visit Australia, and never seemed to tire of asking questions about the bathing enclosures and beaches.
He was surprised to hear of the enclosed baths, as, like all the natives, he has no fear of sharks.
The natives swim about everywhere without a second thought about sharks, although they are known to abound there.
Harpooning these monsters is one of the pastimes in which Duke and his friends fill in their week-ends.
A carcase is towed out into the deep water behind a boat, and, after hours and hours of watching and walting the sharks that had been swimming around the boat some distance away gradually begin to draw in closer.

Finally, one more game than the rest, will make a bite at the carcase and when it has assured itself that the animal is dead, it takes another bite.
Then the carcase is pulled in close to the boat, and the native throws his harpoon unerringly at the shark, striking between the fins.
Then the shark is pulled in, taken ashore and sold to the Chinese, who eat the flesh and fins.

It can be confidently anticipated that Duke will swim even faster in Sydney than he has done hitherto.
When the shallow, dragglng nature of the Waikiki beach, and the small indoor pools of San Francisco and Los Angeles are compared with the splendid 100 metres staightaway course at the Sydney Domain baths, everthing suggests faster times.
He should easily acclimatise and the temperature of the water and surroundings generally, should be in the champion's favour when he visits us in December next.
The Hawaiians are also eager to see their territory represented by a team of four, to engage our best men in a relay race.

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